Three reasons why parental burnout is more prevalent in individualistic countries:A 36-country study

Purpose The prevalence of parental burnout, a condition that has severe consequences for both parents and children, varies dramatically across countries and is highest in Western countries characterized by high individualism. Method In this study, we examined the mediators of the relationship between individualism measured at the country level and parental burnout measured at the individual level in 36 countries (16,059 parents). Results The results revealed three mediating mechanisms, that is, self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, high agency and self-directed socialization goals, and low parental task sharing, by which individualism leads to an increased risk of burnout among parents. Conclusion The results confirm that the three mediators under consideration are all involved, and that mediation was higher for self-discrepancies between socially prescribed and actual parental selves, then parental task sharing, and lastly self-directed socialization goals. The results provide some important indications of how to prevent parental burnout at the societal level in Western countrie

Fancine 2009, n. 03

Abstract not availabl

Par-delà l’efficacité des interventions auprès de parents d’enfants difficiles, de possibles effets délétères pour la coparentalité ?

peer reviewedLes interventions destinées aux parents de jeunes enfants présentant des comportements difficiles ont montré leur efficacité. Se pose cependant la question de possibles effets délétères non attendus de ces interventions sur d’autres aspects de la parentalité. L’impact sur la coparentalité (collaboration entre les deux parents) est mesuré ici dans le cadre de deux interventions parentales de la recherche H2M, l’une visant à améliorer le sentiment de compétence parentale et l’autre la réactivité verbale des parents (N = 60). Les résultats montrent l’absence d’effets globaux négatifs de ces interventions sur la coparentalité du parent participant. Il apparaît cependant que l’évolution de la coparentalité varie selon que ce soit le père ou la mère qui participe et selon le type d’intervention. De plus, un lien négatif est montré entre l’évolution de la coparentalité et l’alliance thérapeutique que le parent noue avec les thérapeutes qui animent les interventions

Associations between Relational Pronoun Usage and the Quality of Early Family Interactions

Our study examined the relationships of relational pronouns used in parental conversation to the quality of early family interactions, as indexed by Family Alliance (FA). We hypothesized that more positive family interactions were associated with the use of more we-pronouns (e.g., we, us, our; we-ness) and fewer I- and you-pronouns (e.g., I, me, you, your; separateness) by both mothers and fathers. Our statistical model using a multilevel modelling framework and two levels of analysis (i.e., a couple level and an individual level) was tested on 47 non-referred families (n = 31 primiparous families; child’s age, M = 15.75 months, SD = 2.73) with we-ness and separateness as outcomes and FA functions as between-dyads variables. Analyses revealed that we-ness within the parental couple was only positively associated with family affect sharing while separateness was negatively associated with different FA functions (e.g., communication mistakes). Our main finding suggested that the kinds of personal pronouns used by parental couples when discussing children’s education would be associated to the emotional quality of the family interactions

Validation of the Ukrainian version of the Parental Burnout Assessment

The aim of the present study was to develop a Ukrainian version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) and examine its psychometric properties among Ukrainian parents. We examined the factorial structure of the Ukrainian version of the PBA (PBA-UA) and its relation with other variables, both antecedents and consequences of PB, in a sample of 1896 parents including 1735 (91,5%) mothers and 161 (8,5%) fathers. The original four-factor model (exhaustion from parental role, emotional distancing from one’s child, feelings of being fed up with parenting and contrast with previous parental self) and second-order model with a global parental burnout as a second-order factor fit the data well. The results of both subscale and global scores were reliable. The PBA-UA showed a positive association with perfectionism and general stress and a negative association with resilience. The low association with socio-demographic factors (i.e., marital status, number of children, number of children living in the household, work status) was replicated in accordance with previous studies of parental burnout, nevertheless mothers had higher level of parental burnout than fathers. PBA-UA also predicted both parental neglect and parental violence, even beyond general stress. The good psychometric properties of the PBA-UA suggests that this questionnaire can be used to assess parental burnout among Ukrainian parents

Le diagnostic précoce des troubles du comportement externalisé est-il fiable ? Mise à l’épreuve d’une procédure multi informateurs et multi méthodes

peer reviewedCette contribution questionne la fiabilité du diagnostic précoce des troubles du comportement externalisé chez l’enfant. Les données concernant le comportement de 118 enfants ont été collectées par questionnaires et observation auprès de leurs parents, leurs enseignants et les cliniciens lors du recrutement et après 12 mois. Les résultats montrent des variations importantes dans le nombre d’enfants atteignant un seuil clinique selon l’informateur et la méthode considérés. Une méthode combinant les évaluations des informateurs pour obtenir un diagnostic valide est éprouvée. Les résultats plaident en faveur d’une procédure multi-informateurs et multiméthodes dont les implications sont discutées sur le plan clinique et de la recherche.H2M childre

Mise au pont d’un instrument d’évalution de la personnalité des enfants à partir du modèle à cinq facteurs

Cet article décrit la construction d'échelles d'évaluation de la personnalité à partir d'items bipolaires, dérivées du Modèle à cinq facteurs (M.C.F.). Les évaluations ont été réalisées par des mères et des enseignant(e)s et concernent des enfants âgés de 3 à 12 ans. Les échelles bipolaires dérivées du Modèle à cinq facteurs (E.B.M.C.F.) sont constituées de 25 items, sélectionnés à partir d'un pool initial de 40 items. Les analyses factorielles ont montré que la structure du M.C.F. émerge de l'instrument et que le pourcentage de variance expliquée des différentes échelles est élevé. Celles-ci ne sont pas corrélées avec l'échelle de désirabilité sociale de Marlowe­Crowne et les coefficients de corrélation test-retest, à 7 jours d'intervalle, sont élevés.This article describes the construction of rating scales made up of bipolar items derived from the Five-Factor-Model. Ratings have been made by mothers and teachers and concerned three­to twelve-year-old children. The bipolar scales derived from the Five-Factor-Model (E.B.M.C.F.) are made up of 25 items selected from a pool of 40. Factor analyses showed that the Five­Factor-Model emerged from the items and that the percentage of explained variance was high. Internai consistency assessed by Cronbach's alpha and test-retest correlations assessed with a 7 day interval were high. The ratings were flot correlated with Marlowe-Crowne's scale of social desirability

Burnout across boundaries: can parental burnout directly or indirectly influence work outcomes?

Burnout, while historically considered a work-related condition, can be associated with parenting where it can have direct impacts upon parental outcomes and one’s personal resources such as mental health. However, little is known about the domain-incongruent effects of burnout and thus whether parental burnout can manifest within the workplace. The current study uses longitudinal data collected from 499 parents over three intervals across an 8-month period to explore two possible mechanisms. Firstly, a direct relationship is explored by considering whether parental burnout provides incremental validity above job burnout in the prediction of three work outcomes: job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and counterproductive work behaviors. Secondly, it is explored whether depression mediates the relationship between parental burnout and work outcomes. Findings suggest parental burnout may have limited impacts upon work outcomes, providing the impetus for a new direction of research to better understand whether or how burnout in one domain of life can influence the outcomes in other life domains

The reciprocal relation between children’s attachment representations and their cognitive ability

This study explores reciprocal relations between children’s attachment representations and their cognitive ability. Previous literature has mainly focused on the prediction of cognitive abilities from attachment, rarely on the reverse prediction. This was explored in the current research. Attachment representations were assessed with the Attachment Story Completion Task (Bretherton, Ridgeway, & Cassidy, 1990); the IQ was measured with the WPPSI-III (Wechsler, 2004). Data were collected twice, at a two-year interval, from about 400 preschoolers. Reasoning IQ was found to influence the development of secure attachment representations, while attachment security and disorganization influenced later verbal IQ. The implications of the findings for both clinical and research purposes are discussed in the light of the interactions between cognitive abilities and attachment representations

Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) in Different Hispanic Countries: An Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Parental burnout is a unique and context-specific syndrome resulting from a chronic imbalance of risks over resources in the parenting domain. The current research aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) across Spanish-speaking countries with two consecutive studies. In Study 1, we analyzed the data through a bifactor model within an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) on the pooled sample of participants (N = 1,979) obtaining good fit indices. We then attained measurement invariance across both gender and countries in a set of nested models with gradually increasing parameter constraints. Latent means comparisons across countries showed that among the participants' countries, Chile had the highest parental burnout score, likewise, comparisons across gender evidenced that mothers displayed higher scores than fathers, as shown in previous studies. Reliability coefficients were high. In Study 2 (N = 1,171), we tested the relations between parental burnout and three specific consequences, i.e., escape and suicidal ideations, parental neglect, and parental violence toward one's children. The medium to large associations found provided support for the PBA's predictive validity. Overall, we concluded that the Spanish version of the PBA has good psychometric properties. The results support its relevance for the assessment of parental burnout among Spanish-speaking parents, offering new opportunities for cross-cultural research in the parenting domain